The Four Turnings of American History
[Main Theme Topics]

 

HIGH

 

AWAKENING

 

UNRAVELING

 

CRISIS

 

OVER-COMPENSATION

 

COMMONWEALTH

[1690s - 1730s]

 

 

salutary neglect

 

 

GREAT AWAKENING

[1730s-1750s]

 

free-will doctrine

 

TAX REVOLT

[1756-1775]

 

 

actual representation

 

AMERICAN REVOLUTION

[1775-1783]

 

Declaration of Independence

 

THE CONFEDERATION

[1777-1789]

 

Shays Rebellion

 

 

NEW REPUBLIC

[1787-1825]

 

Hamiltonian Economics

 

TRANSCENDENTALISM

[1825-1845]

 

Abolition

 

SECTIONALISM

[1845-1861]

 

 

Mexican War

 

CIVIL WAR

[1861-1864]

 

 

Secession

 

RECONSTRUCTION

[1866-1877]

 

 

Civil War Amendments

 

GILDED AGE

[1877-1901]

 

 

Industrial Revolution

 

PROGRESSIVES

[1901-1919]

 

 

Women Suffrage

 

ROARING 20S

[1919-1930]

 

 

Prohibition

 

GREAT DEPRESSION

[1930-1933]

 

Stock-Market Collapse

 

 

NEW DEAL

[1933-1946]

 

 

Three Rs

Relief, Reform, Regulation

 

POST-WAR AMERICA

[1946-1967]

 

Cold War

Civil Rights

 

CONSCIOUSNESS

[1967-1987]

 

Counter Culture

Black Power

 

Culture Wars

[1987-