General
Certificate of Education
Advanced
Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level
HISTORY
Paper 5 The
History of the
October/November
2005
3 hours
READ
THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
If you have been given an Answer
Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet.
Write your Centre number,
candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen
on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for
any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips,
highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
Answer four
questions.
You must answer Question
1 (Section A)
and any three questions from Section B.
At the end of the examination, fasten
all your work securely together.
All questions in this paper
carry equal marks.
SECTION A: The Road to Secession and Civil
War, 1846-61
You
must answer
Question 1.
THE LINCOLN-DOUGLAS DEBATES ON SLAVERY,
OCTOBER 1858
1
Read the
sources, and then answer the question.
Source A
It
matters not what the Supreme Court may decide on the question whether slavery
may or may not go into a territory. The people have the lawful means to
introduce it or exclude it as they please, because slavery cannot exist a day
or an hour anywhere unless supported by local police regulations. Those can
only be established by the local legislature: and if the people are opposed to
slavery, they will elect representatives who will by unfriendly legislation
bring about a change. If, on the contrary, they are for it, their legislation
will favour its extension. The right of the people to
make a Territory slave or free is perfect and complete.
The
Republican creed lays down that under no circumstances
shall we acquire any more territory, unless slavery is first prohibited. On the
contrary, I answer that whenever it becomes necessary to acquire more
territory, that I am in favour of it, without
reference to the question of slavery; and when we have acquired it, I will
leave the people free to do as they please; either to make it slave or free territory.
Stephen
Douglas, speech at Freeport, Illinois, October 1858.
Source B
The
Supreme Court has decided that any Congressional prohibition of slavery in the
Territories is unconstitutional. I understand also that
I
hold that the proposition that slavery cannot enter a new Territory without
police regulations is historically false. It is not true at all. I hold that
the history of this nation shows that the institution of slavery was originally
planted here without these ‘police regulations’ which he now thinks are necessary.
Abraham
Lincoln, speech at Jonesborough, Illinois, October 1858.
Source C
I
again assert, that in my opinion our government can
last forever, divided into free and slave States as our fathers made it, each
State having the right to prohibit, abolish, or sustain slavery. This
government was made upon the great basis of the sovereignty of the States, the
right of each State to regulate its own domestic institutions.
Stephen
Douglas, speech at Alton, Illinois, October 1858.
Source D
The
real issue is the sentiment on the part of one class that looks upon slavery as
wrong, and of another class that does not look upon it as wrong. The sentiment
that contemplates slavery in this country as wrong is that of the Republican
Party. They nevertheless have due regard for its actual existence and the
difficulties of getting rid of it, and to all the constitutional obligations
about it. They insist that it should, as far as may be, be treated as a wrong;
and to make provision that it shall grow no larger. They also desire a policy
that looks to a peaceful end of slavery at some time. I will say something
about this argument
Abraham
Lincoln, speech at Alton, Illinois, October 1858.
Source E
The
debates revealed that while
From a
modern historian’s account of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, 1997.
Now answer the following
question.
‘Douglas’s arguments were more practical and realistic than
those of
SECTION B
You
must answer three questions from this section.
2
How far were
the displacement of the Native American nations and the destruction of their
way of life in the period 1840 to 1896 the consequence of deliberate government
policy?
3
How true is the
claim that
4
Assess the
impact of organised labour
on American politics and society from 1865 to 1914.
5
Assess the
effectiveness of the different tactics used by the various wings of the Civil
Rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s.
6 ‘Shapeless and chaotic, with no clear philosophy.’ How valid is this critique of
the New Deal, 1933-1940?
7
How successful
in foreign affairs was President Wilson?
8
Analyse the reasons for the changing
roles and status of women in American society from 1945 to
1968.