General
Certificate of Education
Advanced
Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level
HISTORY
Paper 5 The
History of the
May/June 2005
3 hours
Additional
Materials: Answer Booklet/Paper
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
If
you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front
cover of the Booklet.
Write
your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write
in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You
may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do
not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or
correction fluid.
Answer
four questions.
You
must answer Question 1 (Section A) and any three
questions from
Section B.
At
the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
All
questions in this paper carry equal marks.
SECTION A: The Road to Secession and Civil
War, 1846-61
You
must answer
Question 1.
THE WIDENING SECTIONAL DIVIDE IN THE
UNITED STATES, 1858-1861
1 Read the sources, and then answer
the question.
Source A
I
assert that this government can exist as they made it, divided into free and
slave States.
Stephen Douglas, speech at Alton,
Illinois,
Source B
The
history of the Abolition or Black Republican Party of the North is a history of
repeated injuries and usurpations, all having as their intention the
establishment of absolute tyranny over the slave-holding States. We have never
shown hostility towards the North. They have robbed us of our property. They have
murdered our citizens who were endeavouring to
reclaim their property by lawful means. They have set at naught the decrees of
the Supreme Court. They have invaded our States and killed our citizens. They
have declared their unalterable determination to exclude us altogether from the
Territories. They have nullified the laws of Congress, and finally they have
capped the mighty pyramid of unfraternal enormities
by electing Abraham Lincoln to the Presidency, on a platform and by a system which
indicates nothing but the subjugation of the South and the complete ruin of her
social, political and industrial institutions.
Source C
I am
not without hopes that our rights may be maintained and our wrongs be redressed
in the
Letter from Alexander H. Stephens,
later Vice-President of the Confederacy,
Source D
Had
the South used her power prudently and acted wisely, she would have controlled
the destinies of this government for generations to come. But they commenced
constant aggression upon the rights of the people of the North, which forced
the latter to rise and drive them from power. The South passed a fugitive slave
bill which would have disgraced the worst despotisms of
Congressman J. B. Alley of
Source E
A
surrender to secession is the suicide of government. If we succumb to secession
now – if we allow these insurgents and usurpers to dictate to us the terms of a
national dismemberment, our national government is gone – hopelessly,
irretrievably gone. We shall never more have peace or public order at home – we
shall never more lift our head among the nations of the earth. The great battle
which is now joined, is to prove whether a Republic, founded on the will of the
people, is capable of exerting power enough to enforce its laws and maintain
its existence, or whether it contains within itself the seeds of its own
destruction.
Now
answer the following question.
‘It was the complete breakdown in trust
between North and South that made compromise impossible.’ Using Sources A – E,
discuss how far the evidence supports this assertion.
SECTION B
You
must answer three questions from this section.
2 ‘
3 ‘I claim not to have controlled events but confess
plainly that events have controlled me.’ (Abraham Lincoln, speech in 1864). Do
you agree with
4 Explain why the
5 How was it possible, in spite of constitutional
protection, for the Southern States to deny basic civil rights to
African-Americans from 1895 to 1964?
6 How different were the policies adopted by
7 ‘Gradually and rather reluctantly, the
8 How far was increasing national prosperity from 1945 to
1968 shared by all Americans?