General
Certificate of Education
Advanced
Subsidiary Level and Advanced Level
HISTORY
Paper 5 The
History of the
May/June 2002
3 hours
READ
THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
If you have been given an Answer
Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet.
Write your Centre number,
candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen
on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any
diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips,
highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
Answer four
questions.
You must answer Question
1 (Section A)
and any three questions from Section B.
At the end of the examination,
fasten all your work securely together.
All questions in this paper
carry equal marks.
SECTION A: The Road to Secession and Civil
War, 1846-61
You
must answer
Question 1.
THE
1850 COMPROMISE
1 Read the sources and then answer the question.
Source
A
It being
desirable for the peace, concord, and harmony of the
1. Resolved,
That California be admitted as a
2. Resolved,
That the other territories acquired from
3. Resolved,
That the federal government assume the Texan national debt contracted before
annexation.
4. Resolved,
That the slave trade in the
5. Resolved,
That a new and more effective Fugitive Slave Act be passed for the return of
slaves who escape into other states.
6. Resolved,
That Congress declare that it has no power to interfere with the interstate
slave trade.
Senator
Clay’s Resolutions to Congress, January 1850.
Source
B
I have
believed from the first that the agitation of the subject of slavery would, if
not protected by some timely and effective measure, end in disunion. The cords
that bind the States together are snapping one by one. For example three great
Evangelical Churches are now divided. The Federal Union can be saved only by
satisfying the South that it can remain within it in safety and that the
save the
John
C. Calhoun’s last speech to the Senate, 4 March 1850.
Source
C
I admit
that Congress has the Constitutional power to establish slavery in the
Territories. But there is a higher law than the Constitution which regulates
our authority: the law of God whence alone the laws of man can derive their
sanction. The new Fugitive Slave Bill could endanger the
Senator
Seward’s speech to the Senate, 11 March 1850.
Source
D
Be it
resolved by the people of
Second,
That the State of
Third,
That the State of Georgia will and ought to resist, including (as a last
resort) a disruption of every tie which binds her to the Union, any future Act
of Congress abolishing Slavery in the District of Columbia, without the consent
of the slaveholders thereof; of any Act suppressing the slave-trade states: or
any Act prohibiting the introduction of slaves into the Territories of Utah and
New Mexico.
Fourth,
That it is the deliberate opinion of this Convention, that upon the Fugitive
Slave Bill by the proper authorities depends the preservation of our much
beloved
The
Georgia Platform, September 1850.
Source
E
The
Compromise of 1850 did not repeal the Compromise of 1820 which dealt with the
From
a modern US historian’s account of the 1850 Compromise.
Now
answer the following question.
‘There
was never any real prospect that the 1850 Compromise would satisfactorily
resolve the sectional tensions which arose out of the Mexican War.’ Use Sources
A-E to show how far the evidence supports this statement.
SECTION
B
You
must answer three questions from this section.
2 Explain how and why the belief in
3 To what extent did the former slaves
benefit from Reconstruction policies between 1865 and 1877?
4 How far is it justified to speak of
an ‘agrarian revolt’ among American farmers in the period 1867–1896?
5 Why, in the great battles over Civil
Rights in the 1960s, was the plight of the Native American Indians largely
ignored?
6 Evaluate the factors that caused the
Great Depression in the
7 Why, in spite of its stated policy
of neutrality, did
8 Examine the consequences of the
great expansion of higher education in the