Senator
Norris Opposes Involvement in World War I
There are a
great many American citizens who feel that we owe it as a duty to humanity to
take part in this war. Many instances of cruelty and inhumanity can be found on
both sides. Men are often biased in their judgment on account of their sympathy
and their interests. To my mind, what we ought to have maintained from the
beginning was the strictest neutrality. If we had done this I do not believe we
would have been on the verge of war at the present time. We had a right as a
nation, if we desired, to cease at any time to be neutral. We had a technical
right to respect the English war zone and to disregard the German war zone, but
we could not do that and be neutral. I have no quarrel to find with the man who
does not desire our country to remain neutral. While many such people are moved
by selfish motives and hopes of gain, I have no doubt but that in a great many
instances, through what I believe to be a misunderstanding of the real condition,
there are many honest, patriotic citizens who think we ought to engage in this
war and who are behind the President in his demand that we should declare war
against Germany. I think such people err in judgment and to a great extent have
been misled as to the real history and the true facts by the almost unanimous
demand of the great combination of wealth that has a direct financial interest
in our participation in the war. We have loaned many hundreds of millions of
dollars to the allies in this controversy. While such action was legal and
countenanced by international law, there is no doubt in my mind but the
enormous amount of money loaned to the allies in this country has been
instrumental in bringing about a public sentiment in favor of our country taking
a course that would make every bond worth a hundred cents on the dollar and
making the payment of every debt certain and sure. . . . It is now demanded
that the American citizens shall be used as insurance policies to guarantee the
safe delivery of munitions of war to belligerent nations. The enormous profits
of munitions manufacturers, stockbrokers, and bond dealers must be still
further increased by our entrance into the war. This has brought us to the
present moment, when Congress, urged by the President and backed by the
artificial sentiment, is about to declare war and engulf our country in the
greatest holocaust that the world has ever known. . . .
To whom does
war bring prosperity? Not to the soldier who for the munificent compensation of
$16 per month shoulders his musket and goes into the trench, there to shed his
blood and to die if necessary; not to the broken-hearted widow who waits for
the return of the mangled body of her husband; not to the mother who weeps at
the death of her brave boy; not to the little children who shiver with cold;
not to the babe who suffers from hunger; nor to the millions of mothers and
daughters who carry broken hearts to their graves. War brings no prosperity to
the great mass of common and patriotic citizens. It increases the cost of
living of those who toil and those who already must strain every effort to keep
soul and body together. War brings prosperity to the stock gambler on Wall
Street-to those who are already in possession of more wealth than can be realized
or enjoyed. . . .
We are taking a
step to-day that is fraught with untold danger. We are going into war upon the
command of gold. We are going to run the risk of sacrificing millions of our
countrymen's lives in order that other countrymen may coin their lifeblood into
money. And even if we do not cross the Atlantic and go into the trenches, we
are going to pile up a debt that the toiling masses that shall come many
generations after us will have to pay. Unborn millions will bend their backs in
toil in order to pay for the terrible step we are now about to take. We are
about to do the bidding of wealth's terrible mandate. By our act we will make
millions of our countrymen suffer, and the consequences of it may well be that
millions of our brethren must shed their lifeblood, millions of brokenhearted
women must weep, millions of children must suffer with cold, and millions of
babes must die from hunger, and all because we want to preserve the commercial
right of American citizens to deliver munitions of war to belligerent nations.